Huggins, Maurice L. (1942). After 8h, the micropore became more distorted from the previous circle, suggesting that the micropores were closing. 2016;47:15964. The lack of data on the uniformity of intrinsic viscosity measurements in the system water/dextran, highlights the significant influence of the solvent and temperature [74]. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Because of the recent animal protection rules which have restricted animal experiments [19], we used human cadaver skin as an alternative to animals. Table 2 compares the properties of nanoparticles coated with one or other polymer. In Vitro Evaluation of Postbiotics Produced from Bacterial Isolates Obtained from Rainbow Trout and Nile Tilapia against the Pathogens, Dextran-Mimetic Quantum Dots for Multimodal Macrophage Imaging, Isolation of lactic acid bacteria starters from, Characterization of Antibacterial Cell-Free Supernatant from Oral Care Probiotic. Carbohydrate Polymers, 38, 267-271. Human cadaver skins (fresh human full-thickness skin disc, 12~20mm) were supplied by Biopredic International (Saint-Grgoire, France). ; Yevlampieva N.P. dextran hydrodynamic radius If plotted for all molecular weights, the double logarithm of [] and Mw, the value of a obtained in all cases shows a value smaller than 0.5, which reports that dextran macromolecule has a degree of hyperbranched with increasing molecular weight and increases much for higher Mw (< 200kDa) which making the application of M-H method more difficult. Castellanos Gil, E. E.; Iraizoz Colarte, A.; El Ghzaoui, A.; Durand, D.; Delarbre, J.L. Hi Khanh, Alan is taking a little time off of Research Gate at the moment, but here is some information in reply to your question. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 27, 795-810. Smith, David R.; Raymonda, John W. (1972). The unfolding of iRFP713 in a crowded milieu - PeerJ Nair SS. Carbohydrate Research, 160, 205-214. J. Phys. The Dextrans intrinsic viscosity is determined as a function of the molecular weight in water and NaOH 0.5 M see reference [1]. The parameters of Mark-Houwink for polymers can vary with the polymer solution and temperature. A few percent of R (13) glucosidic linkages provides side chains which appear to be short. The skins were from the abdomen of a 39-year-old caucasian woman (BMI: 24). The most widely used method for the characterization of macromolecules is the capillary viscometry, as it is a simple and economic method. J. Braz. Experimental Review on Intrinsic Viscosity Measurements and Temperature Effect.". It is a measure of the width of molecular weight distributions (MWD) as well as probability of molecular weight distribution curve (GPC). Hydrodynamic properties, such as the intrinsic viscosity, [], and equilibrium solution properties such as the hydrodynamic radius RH can be combined to construct dimensionless quantities that are universal since they are of being independent of the macromolecular particle size, while they depend more or less sensitively on its shape [51]. For a rigid or rod like polymer molecule that is greatly extended in solution, the Mark-Houwink a constant approaches to a value of 2.0 [48].The hydrodynamic radius (RH), for a sphere ((a/b) = 2.5) is given by the Einstein relation [49]. Kirkland, J. J.; Dilks, C. H.; Rementer, S. W. (1992). where tr is the column retention time in minutes (2 of 0.9792). The skin culture medium was purchased from Biopredic International (Saint-Grgoire, France). Barshtein, G.; Tamir, I.; Yedgar, S. (1998). Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 60, 1650-1662. Kumar SV, Tarun P, Kumar TA. European Biophysical Journal, 36, 85-94. 8. Cookies policy. 2013 May;64(3):346-54. doi: 10.3109/09637486.2012.734289. and transmitted securely. At 20C data "a" value obtained in this work is intermediate to those given by references [1, 37] while the value of kM-H is lower. The dextran has the advantage in terms of low cytotoxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and water-solubility. Arond L.H. These studies were again focused on investigating the hydrodynamic properties of the polymer molecules, their hydrodynamic radius in relation to their radius of gyration and the coherence of the simulation results with polymer theory. In summary, we demonstrated effective enhancement of skin permeability and delivery of macromolecules lower than 20KM.W., and regeneration of human cadaver skin after microporation with an RF-based microporation device. However, in vitro investigations are very few. 4K, b M.W. The Principle of the Suspended Level: Applications to the Measurement of Viscosity and Other Properties of Liquids. ; Talsma, H.; Hennink, W.E. Table 1 shows some values of dextrans Mark-Houwink parameters, from literature consulted, where all data are based on the logarithmic plot of intrinsic viscosity [] and molecular weight Mw. Multiple Linear Least-Squares Fits with a Common Intercept: Determination of the Intrinsic Viscosity of Macromolecules in Solution. Curvale, R.; Masuelli, M.; Perez Padilla, A. The hydrodynamic radius (Rh) of individual samples of dextran, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyoxyethylene over a range of molecular weights (1,500 For a given polymer-solvent pair, the theta condition is satisfied at a certain temperature, called the theta () temperature or theta point. Radiofrequency ablation of malignant liver tumors. Biomaterials. dextran hydrodynamic radius. 2004;25(9):155967. ; Rani, K.Y. Carbohydrate Polymers, 79, 380-390. Dextrans can function efficiently as anterograde or retrograde tracers, In this work, the human cadaver skin was treated to confirm the skin regeneration after the application of the microporation device. Synthesis and characterization of blue dextrans Carbohydrate Polymers 88 1440-1444. Ann Surg Oncol. Many works are aimed at determining molecular weights [1, 7, 26], hydrodynamic radius, among other parameters for characterizing the physics and chemistry properties of dextran in solution. 4h after microporation, the sizes of the micropore decreased slightly. The Hydrodynamic Radii of Macromolecules and Their WebThe micelles produced at pH 4.6 have a spherical shape and their size is dependent on the Maillard reaction: reaction time, molar ratio of casein to dextran, and molecular weight of dextran used. De Belder, A. N. (2001). Strategies to improve the potential of transdermal devices by enhancing the skin permeation of therapeutic entities. WebR H Hydrodynamic radius [m] The basic DLS setup. To overcome these limitations, microporation devices that act as therapeutic vehicles for delivering drug molecules across the skin barriers have been developed. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Liu Zonghua; Yanpeng Jiao; Yifei Wang; Changren Zhou; Ziyong Zhang (2008). These constants can be determined experimentally by measuring the intrinsic viscosity of several polymer samples for which the molecular weight has been determined by an independent method (i.e. Dextran molecular size and degree of branching as a function of sucrose concentration, pH, and temperature of reaction of. The human skins were from the back or thigh of a 24-year-old woman. Journal Argentine Chemical Society 100 (2013) 25-34. WebThe micelles produced at pH 4.6 have a spherical shape and their size is dependent on the Maillard reaction: reaction time, molar ratio of casein to dextran, and molecular weight of dextran used. Critical parameters for gel permeation Synthesis of dextran by dextransucrase treated, sucrose-supplemented skimmed milk revealed the promising potential of dextran as a food additive. The proportionality between []0 and M0.5 is obtained as a limiting law for the no draining regime. This method utilizes promising strategies that have made a significant impact in transdermal delivery [6], they include: iontophoresis, microneedles, sonophoresis, radiofrequency (RF), and chemical enhancers [7,8,9,10,11]. Thomas Gutberlet (Lipoteichoic Acid): Statistiques d'influence 2011;16(2):518. If there are particles in the sample, the incident laser light gets scattered in all directions. The effectiveness of the RF microporation technique in transdermal drug delivery of macromolecules and hydrophilic agents such as peptides, hormones, and vaccines has been demonstrated extensively in previous studies [16,17,18]. The polymer molecule assumes a tighter configuration, and the solution has a lower intrinsic viscosity. Figure3 shows a magnified image of human cadaver skin with microchannels formed by the microporation device (250kHz) and the skin closure over time. 2021 Aug;13(4):915-925. doi: 10.1007/s12602-021-09751-1. 20K groups (n=3, *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01). Kloster, C.; Bica, C.; Lartigue, C.; Rochas, C.; Samios, D.; Geissler E. (1998). Appl Biochem Biotechnol. WebThe Stokes radius or StokesEinstein radius of a solute is the radius of a hard sphere that diffuses at the same rate as that solute. Web54 we estimated that the hydrodynamic radii of 3-5 kDa dextran, 20 kDa dextran, and 70 kDa dextran are 2 55 nm, 5 nm, and 6 nm, respectively. Levin G, Gershonowitz A, Sacks H, Stern M, Sherman A, Rudaev S, Zivin I, Phillip M. Transdermal delivery of human growth hormone through RF-microchannels. The explanation for the anomalous values of a and kM-H is because the mixture solute-solvent is highly compatible due a great compaction of biopolymer, from undisturbed state in the absence of interactions, where free energy of mixing less than zero, and emphasize the nature non-linear or hyperbranched of dextran for Mw high to 200kDa. This is because the macromolecule hydrodynamic radius changes the solution type and temperature via change in their chain exibility. Colloid and Polymer Science, 286, 1223-1231. Formul. 4K and M.W. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of RF microporation technology in vitro, by evaluating the permeation of fluorescent-conjugated dextran (FITC-dextran) of various molecular weights through the human and pig skin after microporation, using a transdermal diffusion cell system. Unperturbed dimensions and theta temperature of dextran in aqueous solutions. Durand, A. Superior prebiotic and physicochemical properties of novel dextran from Weissella cibaria JAG8 for potential food applications. Cytotoxicity studies on human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell line showed non-toxic and biocompatible nature of dextran. Gel permeation chromatography of dextrans in parenteral solutions: Calibration procedure development and method validation. Palmuti Braga Vettoria, Mary Helen; Martins Franchetti, Sandra Mara; Contiero, Jonas (2012). Epub 2021 Feb 9. The Viscosity of Dilute Solutions of Long-Chain Molecules. Polymolecularity and polydispersity in Molecular weight determinations. (1937). Markierte Dextrane sind hydrophile Polysaccharide, die hufig in mikroskopischen Studien zur berwachung der Zellteilung, zum Verfolgen der Bewegung von lebenden Zellen und zur Untersuchung der hydrodynamischen Eigenschaften der zytoplasmatischen Matrix verwendet werden. WebTry out PMC Labs and tell us what you think. Differences were considered statistically significant at p <0.05. Transdermal delivery is of great importance for the effective delivery of bioactive or therapeutic agents into a body. European Polymer Journal, 43, 1744-1753. The increased TEWL values which were proportional to the number of microspores indicate SC disruption and formation of microchannels in the skin. Pharm Res. Jeanes, A.; Haynes, W.C.; C. Wilham, A.; Rankin, J.C; Melvin, E.H.; Austin, M. J.; Cluskey, J. E.; Fisher, B.E. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. Dextran produced from Weissella cibaria JAG8 was purified and characterized. They concluded that a power law behavior seems to be approached only in the small molecular weight region. PMC (2008). The micropores of the human cadaver skin were regenerated according to the time. Influence of molecular weight on Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 41, 1260-1267. Characterization of high molecular weight dextran produced by Weissella cibaria CMGDEX3. Bose, A.; Rollings, J. E.; Caruthers, J. M.; Okos, M. R.; Tsao, T. G. (1982). Advances in Physical Chemistry, Vol. ; Ortega, A.; Garcia de la Torre, J.; Harding, S.E. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Human cadaver skin has been confirmed as alive skin tissue through analysis of its morphology and enzymes, and its usefulness as an alternative skin membrane in drug permeation experiments has been verified [20]. We observe that this maximum radius is below Webprotein hydrodynamic radius was observed with increasing protein concentration (in the range 0.25-2 mM) in both the absence and presence of 8 M urea. Masuelli, M. A. Dynamic light scattering study confirmed the mono-disperse nature of dextran with hydrodynamic radius of 900 nm. Proc of SPIE. Viscotek GmbH, Europe. The enhanced permeability through micropores was confirmed by Franz diffusion cell. (more or less, with a hydrodynamic radius of less than 100 nm) to cross from the vasculature into the interstitium. Progress in Biophysical Molecules Biological, 68, 207-262. These studies on Mark-Houwink parameters are usually carried out at a given temperature, obtaining a consistent result but in a very limited temperature range [68]. Biophysical Journal, 27, 177-181. Fluorescent dextran a Microscopy images of micropore and b quantified data using ImageJ after 0 (immediately), 4, 8, and 24h according to the number of times microproration was done (n=150, *: p<0.05). This result could reflect the presence of some aggregated species within the lysozyme sample solution. ; Picout, D.R. The analysis of errors using the Solomon-Ciuta method is compared with HM [59]. ; Dutt, N.V.K. Typical examples are the classical size-independent combinations like the Flory parameter, which that combine the intrinsic viscosity, [], and the gyration radius, Rg: These quantities have been proposed along the years, by different eminent scientists, after whom they are named. Viswanath, D.S. National Library of Medicine 151-166. (1998). Would you like email updates of new search results? Antoniou, E.; Buitrago, C. F.; Tsianou, M.; Alexandridis, P. (2010). In the range of working temperatures and molecular weights of dextrans, similar intrinsic viscosity results obtained by other researchers and published here are slight, as shown in tables 1 and 3. Alternatively, the value of qM-H can be calculated using numerical methods and other-average molecular weights (Mn, Mw, Mz) according to where c and d are empirical polynomial functions of the exponent a. Mainaa, Ndegwa Henry; Pitknen, Leena; Heikkinen, Sami; Tuomainen; Pivi; Virkki, Liisa; Tenkanen, Maija (2014). Fractional thermolysis by bipolar radiofrequency facilitates cutaneous delivery of peptide and siRNA with minor loss of barrier function. Microporations were performed 2, 5, and 10 times and the skin damage was confirmed using the TEWL measurement. European Polymer Journal, 37, 619-622. Kam Y, Sacks H, Kaplan KM, Stern M, Levin G. Radio frequency-microchannels for transdermal delivery: characterization of skin recovery and delivery window. II. The Hydrodynamic Radii of Macromolecules and Their Effect on Red Blood Cell Aggregation. Determination of branching in biopolymers by size exclusion chromatography with light scattering (Malls), viscosity, and refractive index detection. 1994, 95-0355. Table 3 shows the intrinsic viscosity for the rest of the dextrans obtained by using the single-point method, measured at different temperatures. Ahn, G.Y., Eo, HS., Kim, D. et al. A simple and rapid method for evaluation of MarkHouwinkSaturada constants of linear random coil polysaccharides using molecular weight and intrinsic viscosity determined by high performance size exclusin chromatography: application to guar galactomannan. WebDiffusivity of 2000 kDa Dextran was significantly lower for both hydrogel formulations, but was insensitive to collagen concentration, likely due to a larger hydrodynamic diameter (d h ~ 70 nm) on order of the collagen mesh size. DLS tests were conducted at detection angle of 90 (standard) and 173 (backscatter) to measure protein hydrodynamic radius, while protein charge was examined in phase analysis light scattering (PALS) mode at detection angle of 15 (forward). In general, Mv is not experimentally accessible, whereas other average molecular weights are accessible. Keywords: intrinsic viscosity, dextrans, Mark-Houwink parameters, hydrodynamic, temperature, Journal of Polymer and Biopolymer Physics Chemistry, 2013 1 (1), Physicochemical studies of oligodextran. It has been found that, when applied to water treatment, it can effectively act on refractory organic matter in wastewater through thermal decomposition and water molecular action to produce free Int J Food Sci Nutr. The mechanism of the dextran-induced red blood cell Aggregation. Article These structural differences can significantly affect FITC-dextran delivery due to even after microporation [30]. Nordmeier, Eckliard (1993). Boudry I, Blanck O, Cruz C, Blanck M, Vallet V, Bazire A, Capt A, Josse D, Lallement G. Percutaneous penetration and absorption of parathion using human and pig skin models in vitro and human skin grafted onto nude mouse skin model in vivo. Determination of the intrinsic viscosity has been the most used measurement in the last 60 years. Determination of intrinsic viscosities of macromolecules and nanoparticles. The qM-H values given by equation 13, these vary from 0.9993 to 0.9841 for the range between 8.8 to 200kDa in a temperature range of 20 to 40C. Dextran 670 GPC Standard | Pharmacosmos Dextran Experimental Review on Intrinsic Viscosity Measurements and Temperature Effect. For simplicity, macromolecules are treated as rigid molecules for a hydrodynamic study. WebThomas Gutberlet works at Jlich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-2), Forsch and is well known for Lipoteichoic Acid, Neutron Reflectometry and Neutron Reflectivity. 10K, and c M.W. The values of Mark-Houwink parameters universalized for the range of working temperatures are the following: 0.4267 for a*, and 0.1455 cm3/g for k*M-H, with 2 of 0.9399. WebThe study of biopolymers as dextran in aqueous solution, is effectively determined by intrinsic viscosity [] measurements at different temperatures. Hrabchak C, Flynn L, Woodhouse KA. a Immediately after microporation, b 4h, c 8h, and d 24h (n=5, *: p<0.05). dextran Walkenhorst, S.; Olivier, R. (2002). Rotureau, E.; Dellacherie, E.; Durand, A. Nanoparticles in magnetic resonance imaging: from simple to dual (1990). WebDiffusivity of 2000 kDa Dextran was significantly lower for both hydrogel formulations, but was insensitive to collagen concentration, likely due to a larger hydrodynamic diameter ( dh ~ 70 nm) on order of the collagen mesh size. 4K, 10K, and 20K) permeated through the human, and pig skin after microporation. Using the polymer standards, a plot of the ln [] vs ln Mw usually gives a straight line. However, the currently available transdermal systems are limited by low drug permeability across the skin due to the lipophilic barrier function of the stratum corneum (SC), the outermost skin layer of the skin [3,4,5]; the methods favor low molecular mass, and lipophilic molecules, making it difficult to exploit the transdermal route for large and water-soluble molecules such as proteins and peptides. The range of temperatures used was 25-50 (0.1) C and it was regulated by thermostatic bath Haake C. The viscosity measurements required Hagenbach-Couette correction time (tg 37.31s). Transdermal delivery of FITC-Dextrans with different molecular weights using radiofrequency microporation, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-020-00201-7, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. (1969). Journal of American Chemical Society, 76 (20), 5041-5052. Modelling the endothelial blood-CNS barriers: a method for the In addition, the permeation rate was higher in pig skin than in human skin. ; Grishchenko, A.E. Formation of dextran hydrogels by crystallization. Solutions of dextrans and blue dextrans (0.21.0 g/L) were prepared in 0.200 M NaCl (aq). ; Ghosh, T.K. Drug Deliv. pp13-21. For a limited temperature range, the viscosity of a polymer solution varies generally following a relation similar to that of usual liquids (rrhenius plot), where the polymer concentration is not very high and that temperature remains far enough from glass transition [38], and for system PEAorganic solvents see reference [63]. WebLabeled dextrans are hydrophilic polysaccharides most commonly used in microscopy studies to monitor cell division, track the movement of live cells, and to report the Figure1 shows a schematic illustration of transdermal delivery after the application of the microporation device. Format). 24h after microporation, the pore sizes reduced from 64.8817.20m (0h) to 48.854.27m (24h), and the pore depths reduced from 83.9120.56m (0h) to 63.9527.61m (24h). J Control Release. Catiker, E.; Guner, A. Kim J, Jang JH, Lee JH, Choi JK, Park WR, Bae IH, Bae J, Park JW. Equivalent Radii and Ratios of Radii from Solution Properties as Indicators of Macromolecular Conformation, Shape, and Flexibility. 2009;301(8):60913. 2016;9706:97061E6. Chem. Chem. Ther. In a poor solvent which shows a positive heat of mixing, segments of a polymer molecule attract each other in solution more strongly than attract the surrounding solvent molecules. Journal of Chemical Education, 49(8), 577-579. Doke SK, Dhawale SC. Sachdeva V, Banga AK. The lower molecular weight of FITC-dextran permeated more on both human and pig skin. WebFluorescein isothiocyanatedextran average mol wt 60,000-76,000; CAS Number: 60842-46-8; Synonyms: FITCDextran; find Sigma-Aldrich-FD70S MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at Sigma-Aldrich Pathan IB, Setty CM. Stokes radius The calculated dextran molecular weights are corroborated by those tabulated data by the manufacturer with a relative error lower than 10%, being the exception dextrans 580 and 2000kDa with the highest relative error. eCollection 2018 Feb. Molecules. We offer more than 50 fluorescent and biotinylated dextran conjugates in several molecular weight ranges. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted This phenomenon is observed in the case of hyperbranched biopolymers evidencing an increase of a with temperature. The cumulative permeation of FITC-dextran 10 K was 4.82 0.32 M, in the human skin and 5.92 0.46 M in the pig skin. WebDextran displays excellent biocompatibility and have been used clinically for over 50 years. Intrinsic viscosity determination offers a simple and useful method that requires low cost equipment and yields useful information on soluble macromolecules. Hydrodynamic 20K. * shows a significant difference between the M.W. Eremeeva, T. E.; Bykova, T. O. dextran WebIn this regard, we chose as crowding agents a number of polymers with hydrodynamic dimensions comparable to those of iRFP713 in different structural states: polyethylene glycol8,000(PEG-8000)withaneffectivehydrodynamicradiusof24.5 1.9(Devanand & Selser, 1991), Dextran-40 and Dextran-70 with hydrodynamic radius of 44.550 and 5864 , Carbohydrate Polymers 99, 199-207. Dextran Biomacromolecules 8, 2464-2475. Biophysical Journal, 87, 4259-4270. 2. (2001). Microporation was performed 2, 5, and 10 times on each sample. Here we have the hydrodynamic radius estimate for the 3kDa dextran and 1.5 kDa dextran by the Zetasizer calculator, thanks to Alan. Alan F Rawle, t Fixable: Fixable via Lysine. Webdextran hydrodynamic radius. Treatment of acne scars by fractional bipolar radiofrequency energy. 2006;3(3):37385. In addition, microporated pig skin permeated larger amounts of FITC-dextran than human skin, this can be attributed to the differences in structure between the human and pig skin; the pig skin layer is thinner (SC, 813m) than the human skin (SC, 1017m) and the pig hair follicle is longer (3871m) than the human hair follicle (18m). FOIA Bahary, W.S. Aqueous solutions of amphiphilic polysaccharides: Concentration and temperature effect on viscosity. Skin barrier disruption by acetone: observations in a hairless mouse skin model. De Belder, A.N. TEWL measurements were performed before and 30min after microporation. The Mark-Houwink. The intrinsic viscosity calculation requires several concentrations, and because of this inconvenient will not use the Huggins method in this paper. Monolayers and Thin Films of Dextran Hydrophobically Modified. Micropores are produced by the arrangement of microelectrodes on the skin at precise dimensions, then RF energy generated by alternating currents induces ionic vibrations between electrodes with positive or negative charges. 2005;22(4):5505. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies The solution was measured using an Anton Paar DMA35N densitometer. Garcia de la Torre, J.; Carrasco, B. Rheology of dextran solutions. dextran hydrodynamic radius Fluorescent and Biotinylated DextransSection 14.5 (2013). These results could be attributed to the differences in the in vivo and in vitro skin nutrients supply; with in vivo studies, the skin tissue is supplied nutrients directly from the blood vessels, but the human cadaver skin is supplied from the media, therefore, the skin tissue regeneration efficiency is low [26,27,28]. To improve drug permeability, micropore ablation using RF is performed by passing an alternating electrical current through the skin at a frequency higher than 100kHz. Actually, everything depends on solvent you want to use and temperature. If you want to know gyration (Rg)or hydrodynamic (Rh) radius, you should Carbohydrate Polymers, 68, 477-488. Journal Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 97, 295-301. Lim SB, Tingirikari JMR, Seo JS, Li L, Shim S, Seo JH, Han NS. Challenges for the modern analytical ultracentrifuge analysis of polysaccharides. dextran hydrodynamic radius WebTo address this perception, in the current study, FITC-dextran of different MWs (10, 70 and 150 kDa) was used to model the transdermal delivery of low MW biotherapeutics and mAbs with MWs of approximately 150 kDa.
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